“The Struggle of Palestinian Women” was a 1975 study published by the Palestine Liberation Organization’s (PLO) research center. It explains the emotional and physical struggle and resistnace of Palestinian women under the occupation.
Feminism
Riot Grrrl Manifesto (1991)
1990-2010, Date, Defining the Enemy, Patriarchy, Subjectives of Refusal, WomenThe Riot Grrrl movement began in Washington State in the 1990s. It sought to address sexism and other forms of oppression in the punk music industry and throughout society at large. This document is their manifesto.
“BECAUSE we are interested in creating non-heirarchical ways of being AND making music, friends, and scenes based on communication + understanding, instead of competition + good/bad categorizations…
BECAUSE I believe with my wholeheartmindbody that girls constitute a revolutionary soul force that can, and will change the world for real.”
Throwing Like A Girl by Iris Marion Young (1980)
1946-1989, Date, Defining the Enemy, History/Theory, Patriarchy, Subjectives of Refusal, Theory, WomenThis feminist essay by Iris Marion Young draws on works from Simone de Beauvoir and Maurice Merleau-Ponty to look at differences in feminine and masculine movement and how that movement is embodied and how it affects the mental and physical space of women.
The women lives her space as confined and closed around her, at least in part as projecting some small area in which she can exist as a free subject.
Iris Marion Young
Feminism is for Everybody (2000)
1990-2010, Black, Capitalism, Date, Defining the Enemy, History/Theory, Patriarchy, Subjectives of Refusal, Theory, White Supremacy, Womenbell hooks is a feminist, professor, and activist. In 2000, she published “Feminism is for Everybody”. Key to her politics and feminist philosophy is that the overarching “enemy”/structure to dismantle is the “white suprmacist capitalist patriarchy”. She intentionally does not capitalize her name so that the main focus of her writing is never her name, but rather, the content of her writings/speeches.
I Am Your Sister: Black Women Organizing Across Sexualities (1985)
1946-1989, Black, Consciousness Raising, Date, Defining the Enemy, History/Theory, Patriarchy, Subjectives of Refusal, Tactics of Disruption, Theory, White Supremacy, WomenIn 1985, feminist, civil rights activist, and librarian Audre Lorde published “I Am Your Sister: Black Women Organizing Across Sexualities”. The essay was centered around organizing black women in the fight against patriarchy by uniting women of all sexualities.